[Caregiver burden in caregivers of renal patients under hemodialysis]

Introduction: Family of chronic renal disease patients conducts various supportive interventions for their patients at home and outpatient centers such as dialysis ward in hospitals. Caregivers of these patients often spend a lot of time caring for them and withstand fatigue and burden. Timely recognition of these burdens in the caregivers, have played a decisive role in promoting mental health

Objective: This study aimed to determine the level of caregiver burden and its related factors in caregivers of hemodialysis patients referring to Razi hospital in Rasht city

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 154 hemodialysis patients referred to the Razi Hospital in Rasht who was chosen by Sequential sampling method. Data were collected through interview by completing two questionnaire of Zarit caregiver burden and socio-demographic of patients and caregivers. Data were analyzed by using descriptive [mean and standard deviation] and inferential tests [binomial test]

Results: Mean and standard deviation deviation of caregiver burden was 50.75 +/- 14 and 74.7 % of the caregivers had severe caregiver burden. In addition, 46.1% of hemodialysis patients had very little vigor to doing things and 42.9% of them required a lot of care as reported

Conclusion: In attention to the need of hemodialysis patients to receive care from family, it is recommended to pay more attention to these caregivers regarding assessment of their burden and taking actions to reduce burden

[Enactment of professional ethics standards compliance in patients and nurses prospective]

Introduction: the ethical standards compliance in nursing practice will lead to improve nursing services; therefore this must be regarded as main goal for hospitalized patients

Objective: the aim of study was to determine the professional ethics standards compliance in nursing practice from nurses and patients prospective in 2012

Methods: this is a descriptive comparative study that was conducted with partnership of 160 registered nurses were chosen by census and 504 hospitalized patients were selected by quota sampling from medical and surgical wards affiliated to training hospitals of the Medical Sciences Jahrom University. Study tool was a questionnaire list, 31 questions for nurses and 22 questions for patients. Data analysis performed using, SPSS 16, connected Chi-Square, correlation and Mann-Whitney tests

Results: according to the nurses' perspective 72% had responsible aspect and respectful patients care quality performance was 70%. However from patient's perspective 40% of nurses had responsible aspect, quality performance 45% and patients respect 69% to meet ethical standard. There was significant difference between nurses and patients perspective in sight of responsibility and quality care performance

Conclusion: the results showed that there is difference between patients and nurses' perspective about professional ethics standards compliance. To improve quality care performance education and training of ethical standards compliance is essential

[Perspective of patients about compliance with standards of professional ethics in nursing practice]

Nursing ethics is an essential part of the nursing profession and compliance with it is expected from the part of health care institutions. This study was aimed at determining perspective of patients about compliance with standards of professional ethics in nursing practice. This is an analytical study using quota sampling. The study conducted after participation of 504 hospitalized patients in medical and surgical wards of Jahrom hospitals in Iran. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 22 questions. The tool examined compliance of the patients with professional ethics and was designed in three dimensions including: responsibility taking, improving quality care of the patients, and patient respect. Then the data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Nurses showed good ethical practice in different dimensions including 40% in responsibility dimension, 45% in improving quality care dimension, and 69% in respecting patient. Independent T test showed a significant difference between the type of ward [Medical Surgical ward], and compliance with ethics in responsibility dimension [P=0.03 and R=2.3]. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between compliance with age and professional ethics. Nurses showed good compliance with ethical practice in different dimensions; thus, it is recommended to hold in-service training courses in this theme and remove barriers for a better compliance with professional ethics in the health care system

[ effect of orientation tour with angiography procedure on anxiety and satisfaction of patients undergoing coronary angiography]

Recently, coronary angiography has become the largest interventional diagnostic test in cardiac patients worldwide having large effects on anxiety and satisfaction of patients in treatment and care. This study aimed to study the effect of orientation tour on anxiety and satisfaction of patient candidates for coronary angiography procedures. In this randomized control trial study, 148 patients were recruited by random allocation. Patients were divided into two groups with block randomization. Patients in Intervention group, in addition to routine training, orientation tour in the angiography unit was taken too. Anxiety was measured in all patients during admission, before surgery and discharge time; the satisfaction was measured in discharge time too. Collection instruments were according to demographic data, Spielberger state trait anxiety inventory and the Visual Analogue Scale. The Information was obtained by t-test, chi-square and repeated measured were analyzed by SPSS. After the orientation tour, anxiety scores significantly in the intervention group [39.5] compared with the control group [48.26] which decreased [P<0.001]. Anxiety scores at discharge decreased in the intervention group [33.24] compared with the control group [41.22] which was significant [P<0.001]. The mean patient satisfaction score at discharge in the intervention group [9.77] compared to control group [6.11] was statistically significance [P<0.001]. Orientation tour in patient candidates to angiography, reduces anxiety and increases satisfaction, therefore, use of this educational approach in patients undergoing coronary angiography is recommended

[ effect of peer-led education on depression of multiple sclerosis patients]

Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic and degenerative disease related to the central nervous system that causes depression in patients. Peer group can better encourage their peers to select the appropriate behavior. This study aimed to determine the impact of peer-led education on depression of multiple sclerosis patients in 2011. This quasi-experimental study was performed by selecting 110 multiple sclerosis patients and allocation of randomized two groups of tests and control groups [each group included55 patients].The MS Society of Iran was the research environment. After preparing the peer group, six training sessions were held during six weeks by peer group for the test group. Data collection tool was a questionnaire named Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] to assess patients' depression; this was completed by both groups before and4months after the program. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 software and chi-square test, paired T and independent T. There was no significant difference in depression score between two groups before intervention but the difference was shown significant between two groups after intervention using independent t test [P=0.001]. Pair t test showed a significant difference in the depression reduction in the test group after peer group performance [P=0.000], whereas the same test showed no significant difference in the control group. Peer-led education caused depression reduction in patients with MS. Hence use of this teaching method in multiple sclerosis and patients with chronic diseases is recommended

[ relationship between caregiver burden with coping strategies in Family caregivers of cancer patients]

Cancer is one of the most common chronic diseases whose caregivers are confronted with related problems to caring and treating the cancer patients. Caregiver burden, which is resulted from the negative impact of living with the cancer patient along with inappropriate use of coping strategies, which could lead to rejection diagnosis, can be accounted as the reasons of why the treatment and health would be impaired. The present study was aimed to determine the relationship between caregiver burden and coping strategies of caregivers of cancer patients. In this cross-sectional study, 133 caregivers of cancer patients who referred to Gorgon's 5[th] Azar Educative and Therapeutic Center were selected via Census sampling method. Data were gathered by three-part questionnaire, including demographics checklist, caregiver burden and coping strategies questionnaire. In order to analyze the collected data, SPSS V. 16 software with descriptive statistics was applied; also, the analysis of variance and logistic regression were conducted. In addition, statistical significance was defined as p< 0.05. Findings showed that mean and standard deviation of caregivers' age was 35.73 +/- 14.31. And, 50.4% of all the participants were male. Based on the results taken from multivariate model of logistic regression, high care demand [OR=0.403,%95 CI: 0.227 - 0.714] and higher rate of emotional coping strategies use [OR=1.09,%95CI: 1.04 - 1.15] have significant correlation with caregiver burden. Based on our findings, the using of emotion-focused coping strategies among caregivers and caring needs of patient, lead to increase care burden, therefore beside of patient empowerment, could be educated efficient coping strategies for caregiver's burden reduction